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Information about Rotterdam Bible tiles
in the Museu Nacional do Azulejo, Lisb
on

 

 01

It was the great tile specialist João Miguel dos Santos Simões (1907-1972) who brought the tile section from the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga to the former Convento da Madre de Deus, located in the eastern part of Lisbon, around 1965. The Museu do Azulejo was opened to the public in 1970. By decree, the name was changed in 1980 to the Museu Nacional do Azulejo.

 

 02

J.M. dos Santos Simões, ‘Carreaux hollandais céramiques au Portugal et en Espagne’ (Den Haag 1959), p.73-74 and XVII



 03

Museo Nacional do Azulejo, Inventar-Nr. 5450, 128 x 274 cm
Foto: INSTITUTO DOS MUSEUS E DA CONSERVAÇÃO, LISBOA
IFN. 10825/11/43
Fotograf: José Pessoa 1996

Holland and Lisbon, 1720-1730
Faience in manganese and blue on white
128 x 274 cm
Provenance: Palácio Mello, Alameda Santo António dos Capuchos,Lisboa
MNAz inv. no. 5450

This large Dutch tile panel consisting of individual tiles was painted in manganese and shows figures from the Old and New Testaments.

A blue and white tiled border was created in Lisbon to guarantee greater autonomy for the central compositions and to integrate them more successfully into the architectural surroundings.

 

 

 04

Holland and Lisbon, ca. 1720-1730
Faience in manganese
Provenance: Palácio Mello, Alameda Santo António dos Capuchos,Lisboa
MNAz inv. nr. 1681

This Dutch single figure tile wall-covering was painted with manganese and includes figures from the Old and New Testaments.
A manganese frame was created in Lisbon so as to guarantee great autonomy for the central compositions and to integrate them more successfully into the architectural surroundings.

Matthew 26:49
Judas walked right up to Jesus and said, “Hello, teacher.” Then Judas kissed him. Jesus replied,  “My friend, why are you here?” The men seized Jesus and arrested him.

 

 

 05

Part of MNAz inv. no. 5450

 

 06

Gemeentearchief Rotterdam inv. no. 3195-49

 

Luke 24:30
After Jesus sat down to eat, he took some bread. He blessed it and broke it. Then he gave it to them. At once they knew who he was, but he disappeared.

 

 07

Part of MNAz inv. no. 5450

 

 08

Gemeentearchief Rotterdam inv. no. 3195-14

 

 

THE OLD TESTAMENT

 

                 
OT 01                                     OT 02                                     OT 03

                 
OT 04                                     OT 05                                     OT 06

                 
OT 07                                      OT 08                                     OT 09

                 
OT 10                                     OT 11                                     OT 12

                 
OT 13                                    OT 14                                    OT 15

                 
OT 16                                     OT 17                                     OT 18

                 
OT 19                                     OT 20                                     OT 21

 

 

01

 

GENESIS 3:6

 

THE FALL

 

02

 

GENESIS 3:24

 

THE EXPULSION FROM PARADISE

 

03

 

GENESIS 4:4,5

 

THE OFFERINGS OF CAIN AND ABEL

 

04

 

GENESIS 21:14

 

THE DISMISSAL OF HAGAR

 

05

 

GENESIS 21:15,16

 

HAGAR IN THE DESERT WITH ISHMAEL

 

06

 

GENESIS 22:9-11

 

ABRAHAM’S SACRIFICE

 

07

 

GENESIS 28:10-12

 

JACOB’S DREAM

 

08

 

GENESIS 39:11,12

 

POTIPHAR’S WIFE TRIES TO SEDUCE JOSEPH

 

09

 

GENESIS 41:42,43

 

JOSEPH BECOMES SECOND-IN-COMMAND IN EGYPT

 

10

 

EXODUS 2:5,6

 

MOSES FOUND BY PHARAOH’S DAUGHTER

 

11

 

NUMBERS 13:23

 

THE SPIES BRING BACK GRAPES

 

12

 

NUMBERS 21:8,9

 

THE COPPER SNAKE

 

13

 

NUMBERS 22:23,24

 

BALAAM AND THE DONKEY

 

14

 

JUDGES 11:34,35

 

JEPHTHA’S HOMECOMING

 

15

 

JUDGES 14:6

 

SAMSON KILLING THE LION

 

16

 

2 SAMUEL 18:14,15

 

THE DEATH OF ABSALOM

 

17

 

1 KINGS 17:6

 

ELIJAH FED BY THE RAVENS

 

18

 

2 KINGS 2:23, 24

 

ELISHA MOCKED BY THE YOUTHS OF BETHEL

 

19

 

ESTHER 5:1,2

 

ESTHER APPEARS UNANNOUNCED IN FRONT OF KING XERXES

 

20

 

DANIEL 3:24,25

 

THE THREE MEN IN THE FIERY FURNACE

 

21

 

TOBIT 6:1-3

 

TOBIAS CATCHES A BIG FISH

 

 

 

 

THE NEW TESTAMENT

 

                 
01                                           02                                           03

                 
04                                           05                                           06

                 
07                                           08                                           09

                 
10                                           11                                           12

                 
13                                           14                                           15

                 
16                                           17                                           18

                 
19                                           20                                           21

                 
22                                           23                                           24

                 
25                                           26                                           27

                 
28                                           29                                           30

                 
31                                           32                                           33

                 
34                                           35                                           36

                 
37                                           38                                           39

        
40                                           41

 

01

 

LUKE 1:28-31

 

AN ANGEL ANNOUNCES THE BIRTH OF JESUS

 

02

 

LUKE 2:16

 

THE SHEPHERDS

 

03

 

LUKE 2:21

 

THE NAMING OF JESUS

 

04

 

MATTHEW 2:9

 

THE WISE MEN

 

05

 

MATTHEW 2:14

 

THE ESCAPE TO EGYPT

 

06

 

MATTHEW 3:16
MARK 1:10
LUKE 3:21b, 22

 

THE BAPTISM OF JESUS

 

06

 

MATTHEW 3:16
MARK 1:10
LUKE 3:21b, 22

 

THE BAPTISM OF JESUS

 

07

 

MATTHEW 4:3
MARK 1:13
LUKE 4:3

 

JESUS TEMPTD BY SATAN

 

08

 

JOHN 3:2

 

JESUS AND NICODEMUS

 

09

 

JOHN 4:7

 

JESUS AND THE SAMARITAN WOMAN

 

10

 

MARK 6:28
MATTHEW 14.11

 

THE DEATH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST

 

11

 

LUKE 9:23-26
MATTHEW 10:37-39
MARK 8:34

 

CHRIST PREACHING

 

12

 

LUKE 10:38-42

 

MARTHA AND MARY

 

13

 

LUKE 19:3-6

 

ZACCHAEUS

 

14

 

MATTHEW 7:3
LUKE 6:41

 

THE SPECK IN YOUR FRIND’S EYE

 

15

 

LUKE 15:20,21

 

THE PRODIGAL SON

 

16

 

LUKE 5:5-7

 

JESUS CHOOSES HIS FIRST DISCIPLES

 

17

 

JOHN 5:5-9

 

JESUS HEALS A SICK MAN

 

18

 

MATTHEW 8:5-8
LUKE 7:1-7

 

JESUS HEALS THE ROMAN OFFICER’S SERVANT

 

19

 

MATTHEW 9:20-22
MARK 5:27
LUKE 8:44

 

JESUS HEALS A SICK WOMAN

 

20

 

MATTHEW 15:24-28
MARK 7:24-30

 

THE CANAANITE WOMAN

 

21

 

MATTHEW 11:3-6

 

THE DEAF CAN HEAR

 

22

 

MATTHEW 21:8,9
MARK 11:8,9
LUKE 19:36
JOHN 12:12-15

 

JESUS ENTERS JERUSALEM

 

23

 

MATTHEW 21:12,13
MARK 11:15
LUKE 19:45,46
JOHN 2:14,15

 

THE CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE.

 

24

 

JOHN 13:8b, 9

 

JESUS WASHES THE FEET OF HIS DISCIPLES

 

25

 

MATTHEW 26:21
MARK 14:18
LUKE 22:21

 

JESUS EATS THE PASSOVER MEAL WITH HIS DISCIPLES

 

26

 

MATTHEW 26:39
MARK 14:35
LUKE 22:41,42

 

JESUS PRAYS IN GETHSEMANE

 

27

 

MATTHEW 26:49
MARK 14:45
LUKE 2:47,48

 

JUDAS BETRAYS JESUS

 

28

 

MATTHEW 26:75a
MARK 14:72
LUKE 22:60
JOHN 18:27

 

PETER DENIES JESUS

 

29

 

MATTHEW 27:19

 

PILATE’S WIFE DREAMS

 

30

 

JOHN 19:1
MATTHEW 27:26
MARK 15:15

 

PILATE ORDERED HIS SOLDIERS TO SCOURGE JESUS

 

31

 

MATTHEW 27:29b
MARK 1:18, 19
JOHN 19:3

 

THE SOLDIERS MOCK JESUS

 

32

 

MATTHEW 27:24

 

PILATE WASHES HIS HANDS

 

33

 

MATTHEW 27:31b
MARK 15:21
LUKE 23:26
JOHN 19:17

 

SIMON OF CYRENE FORCED TO CARRY JESUS’ CROSS

 

34

 

JOHN 19:26, 27

 

JESUS IS NAILED TO THE CROSS

 

35

 

MATTHEW 28:2-4

 

THE STONE ROLLED AWAY

 

36

 

MATTHEW 28:5
MARK 16:6
LUKE 24:5

 

WOMEN GO TO THE TOMB

 

37

 

JOHN 20:14-17a
MARK 16:9

 

JESUS APPEARS TO MARY MAGDALENE

 

38

 

LUKE 24:30, 31

 

JESUS APPEARS TO TWO DISCIPLES

 

39

 

ACTS. 1:9
MARK 16:19
LUKE 24:50, 51

 

THE ASCENSION OF CHRIST

 

40

 

ACTS. 7:58-60

 

THE STONING OF STEPHEN

 

41

 

ACTS. 9:3-6

 

THE ROAD TO DAMASCUS

 

Thanks to Hans van Lemmen for his help and advice.

 

João Miguel dos Santos Simões was born in Lisbon in 1907. His father, José Rodrigues Simões, had a strong cultural background and a remarkable library with rare specimens. He was also the treasurer of the Archaeologists Society for several years. Meanwhile, the young Santos Simões had the opportunity to contact the most important Art History scholars of that time, including Garcez Teixeira and Vergílio Correia. However, José Queiroz, an eminent ceramic researcher, was the figure who influenced him most to develop his studies of tiles and ceramics.
In 1929, Santos Simões graduated in Textile Engineering at the École Superieure de Filature et Tissage at Mulhouse, because his father owned a textile factory in Tomar. In the 30’s, Santos Simões travelled in Europe and visited the main monuments and museums of the important cities, which contributed to his artistic and historical knowledge. His first essay on tiles was published in 1942 in the well-known periodical “A Cidade de Évora”.
The year of 1944 was significant in his tile researches because he had an important theoretical grounding in Madrid and a practical training at the Ruiz de la Luna factory (Talavera de la Reina), where he became aware of the technical procedures of making tiles. This period of training influenced him strongly and soon he set up a small laboratory at home to both study and examine the clay used in tiles and ceramics. The technical approach and the systematic knowledge inherited from his Sciences degree were applied to the study of tiles. These methods were fundamental in creating a typology of tile patterns studies, which are used by present researchers.
From 1944 until 1972, Santos Simões continuously published many books, articles and reviews in Portugal and abroad, such as “Antwerpesche tegels van omstrecks 1558 in Portugal”, in collaboration with Van Herck, for the Antwerpens Koninklijke Oudheidkundige Kring; “Maioliche flamminghe e spagnole in Portogallo”, in Faenza; “Le role de la décoration céramique dans l’architecture portugaise dês XVII-XVIII siécles”, published in the proceedings of XVI Congrés International d’Histoire de l’Art; the highly awarded foundation study « Le carreaux ceramiques hollandais au Portugal et en Espagne » and finally the important contribution to tiles with articles like “The tiles of Spain and Portugal” and “The influence of Dutch tiles in Portugal and Brazil”
Santos Simões is the most distinguished author of tile and ceramic studies, leaving us a heritage of tile dissemination characteristic of Portuguese culture.

 

 

Bibliographical data:

J.M. dos Santos Simões, Cárreaux céramiques Hollandais au Portugal et en Espagne (Martinus Nijhoff, Den Haag, 1959)
Jan Pluis‚ BIJBELTEGELS – Bijbelse voorstellingen op Nederlandse wandtegels van de 17e tot de 20e eeuw
BIBELFLIESEN – Biblische Darstellungen auf niederländischen Wandfliesen vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert
(Ardey - Verlag, Münster, 1994)

 

LINKS

MUSEU NACIONAL DO AZULEJO
http://mnazulejo.imc-ip.pt

GEMEENTEARCHIEF ROTTERDAM
http://www.stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl